Korda helped found the Hungarian film industry and worked in the studios of Vienna, Berlin and Hollywood before becoming a naturalized and, in 1943, a knighted Englishman. Together with his brothers Vincent (a production designer) and Zoltan (a director), Korda helped define the cinematic image of the British Empire. (His taste for pomp and pageantry had become apparent as early as 1920, when he filmed an adaptation of Mark Twain's "The Prince and the Pauper" for an Austrian company.) After a stay in Berlin Korda was invited to Hollywood in 1926, where he soon realized that the talents of his actress-wife Maria Farkas were in greater demand than his own. He nevertheless acquired a reputation for historical costume dramas before returning to Europe in 1930.
In Paris, Korda collaborated with his brother Vincent on "Marius" (1931) before moving to England and establishing his own company, London Film Productions, in 1932. Within two years he was being hailed as the most important figure in British film, the man who had beaten Hollywood at its own game by directing and producing the lavish and successful spectacle, "The Private Life of Henry VIII" (1932). Although he was to direct several more films, including the memorable "Rembrandt" (1936), Korda became increasingly involved with production duties, handing over the directorial reigns to Zoltan.
Vincent completed the fraternal team, though the brothers' work together was punctuated by loud disagreements worked out on the studio floor in a mixture of Hungarian, German and English. One of their arguments concerned the glorification of the British Empire, a theme in "Sanders of the River" (1935), "Drums" (1938) and "The Four Feathers" (1939). Even a film set during the Russian Revolution and featuring Marlene Dietrich, "Knight without Armour" (1937), emphasized the aplomb of a British intelligence agent, played by Robert Donat, and the public-schoolboy decency of a young Bolshevik sympathizer, as portrayed by John Clements.
In the late 1930s, Korda's patriotic feelings for his adopted country expressed themselves in filmed warnings of imminent threats from abroad: 1936's "Things to Come" opened with a grimly realistic air raid on a city uncomfortably like London; later films relayed a similar message--with the Spanish Empire or Napoleon's fleet standing in for more contemporary expansionist forces--to other audiences, including a neutral United States. (Neither was Korda's patriotism limited to the celluloid realm; as well as pawning his life insurance agreement to finance a propaganda film about the Royal Air Force, he also, according to historians of espionage, made his North American offices available to members of Britain's intelligence organizations.)
Korda, whose second wife was actress Merle Oberon, helped launch the careers of Vivien Leigh, Charles Laughton and Robert Donat, among others. He played a significant part in earning a world reputation for British films, and in the process captured a heroic image of the British Empire on celluloid.
Profession(s):
producer, director, executive, journalist
Sometimes Credited As:
Sandor Korda
Sandor Laszlo Kellner
Sir Alexander Korda
Sursum Corda
Golden Globe Award Best English Language Foreign Film "Richard III" 1956
British Film Academy Award Best Film "Richard III" 1955
British Film Academy Award Best British Film "Richard III" 1955
British Film Academy Award Best British Film "Hobson's Choice" 1954
British Film Academy Award Best Film "The Sound Barrier/Breaking the Sound Barrier" 1952
British Film Academy Award Best British Film "The Sound Barrier/Breaking the Sound Barrier" 1952
British Film Academy United Nations Award "Cry, the Beloved Country" 1952
National Board of Review Award Best Foreign Film "The Sound Barrier/Breaking the Sound Barrier" 1952
British Film Academy Award Best British Film "The Third Man" 1949
British Film Academy Award Best British Film "The Fallen Idol" 1948
Venice Film Festival Best First Screening Award "The Private Life of Don Juan" 1934
1945 Resigned from MGM-Britsh
1943 Made head of newly formed alliance between London Films and MGM-British
1942 Moved back to England
1941 Formed Gloria Pictures and Romaine Film Productions
1940 Moved to USA
1939 Formed Alexander Korda Productions/Alexander Korda Films Inc.
1932 Formed London Film Production
1931 Signed contract with Paramount-British and moved to England
1930 Made one film for Fox before contract was cancelled; moved back to Europe
1927 Signed contract with First National and moved to Hollywood
1923 Moved to Berlin
1919 Moved to Austria after overthrow of the Bela Kun regime
1917 Bought Corvin production company
1914 Founded film magazine, MOZIHET
1909 Left school and worked full-time as a journalist
1906 Moved to Budapest after death of father
Joined Pedagogical Studios, directed films for schools
Changed name from Sandor to Alexander
Formed Corda Film Consortium/Korda Productions with wife Maria